Who Built Rockford's Neighborhoods?

Every city has neighborhoods.

Most of us know where they are. We might even know which ones we grew up in.

But have you ever stopped to wonder who built them?

Not the houses.

The neighborhoods themselves.

Long before subdivisions had names and long before streets were paved, someone stood on a piece of open prairie or woodland and imagined what would one day become part of Rockford.

Some of those names have vanished from everyday conversation.

Others are hiding in plain sight.

Before There Was Rockford

Here's a fact that surprises many lifelong residents:

Before there was Rockford, there were two competing settlements.

On the west side of the Rock River stood Kentville, established by Germanicus Kent.

Across the river was Haightsville, founded by Daniel Shaw Haight.

Neither settlement could become the community's center without a bridge connecting the two sides. Haight helped finance the first bridge across the Rock River, and in 1839 the two communities merged to form the village of Rockford.

In a very real sense, every Rockford neighborhood traces its roots back to those two tiny settlements.

Haight Village

Haight's name still survives in one of Rockford's oldest neighborhoods.

Daniel Shaw Haight wasn't simply an early settler. He served as the area's first sheriff, became its first postmaster, invested in its earliest infrastructure, and helped transform a frontier crossing into a permanent community.

Today, people walk streets where some of Rockford's earliest citizens built their homes, often without realizing they're standing in one of the city's original neighborhoods.

History has a way of becoming invisible.

Brown's Hills and Knightsville

Some neighborhoods grew because people wanted homes.

Others grew because people needed workers.

In the late nineteenth century, developer B. A. Knight laid out what became known as Knightsville, providing housing near the Skandia Furniture Company. At a time when Rockford was becoming one of America's furniture capitals, neighborhoods and industry often grew together.

Factories didn't simply create jobs.

They created communities.

Many of the streets we drive today exist because thousands of workers once walked them to work every morning.

Churchill's Grove

Churchill's Grove carries the name of early landowner Phineas Penfield Churchill, but its streets tell another story.

Look closely at a map and you'll notice names honoring Civil War generals. That's no accident.

Nearby stood Camp Fuller, a Civil War training camp where Illinois soldiers prepared for service. Long after the tents disappeared, the names remained.

Sometimes history survives not in monuments, but in street signs.

Garfield Avenue

Every city has a street that became an address.

For Rockford, Garfield Avenue filled that role for many years.

Industrialists, business leaders, and prominent families built substantial homes there as Rockford's manufacturing economy flourished. Walking the avenue today is like reading a history book written in brick, limestone, and stained glass.

The houses tell the story of a city that once believed its greatest years were still ahead.

What Other Stories Are Waiting?

Once you begin asking who founded a neighborhood, it's difficult to stop.

Who named your street?

Why is that park there?

What stood on that vacant lot before the parking lot?

Which factory employed everyone on the block?

What disappeared without anyone noticing?

These aren't just trivia questions.

They're the hidden biography of the city.

Rockford didn't appear overnight.

It was imagined by surveyors, entrepreneurs, immigrants, laborers, carpenters, merchants, families, and dreamers. Their names survive in neighborhoods we pass every day, even if we've forgotten the people behind them.

Maybe that's the real lesson.

The next time you drive through Haight Village, Churchill's Grove, Brown's Hills, or Garfield Avenue, remember that you're not simply passing through another neighborhood.

You're driving through someone else's idea of the future.

And, nearly two centuries later, you're still living in it.

 

The Day Santa Fell From the Sky: Rockford's Most Unforgettable Christmas Story

If you grew up in Rockford, chances are you've heard someone say it.

"Remember when Santa parachuted to his death at North Towne Mall?"

It sounds like one of those stories that gets bigger every time it's told—a local legend that can't possibly be true.

Except...it is.

Well, almost.

The accident happened on December 4, 1965, during a Christmas promotion at North Towne Shopping Center. In an era when shopping centers competed to put on ever-bigger holiday spectacles, the plan was simple enough: Santa Claus would make a dramatic entrance by parachute. Families packed the parking lot, children looked to the sky, and the holiday season was about to begin with a flourish.

Two experienced skydivers climbed into a small airplane that afternoon.

Twenty-nine-year-old Bill Fleming was dressed as Santa Claus.

Forty-year-old Cornelius "Connie" O'Rourke Jr., a veteran parachutist with nearly 1,000 jumps to his credit, played Santa's helper. O'Rourke was no amateur. He was licensed not only to skydive, but also to inspect, repair, and pack parachutes—a level of expertise few possessed.

The pair jumped from approximately 2,600 to 3,000 feet. Smoke devices attached to O'Rourke's legs were intended to help the crowd follow their descent.

Then something went terribly wrong.

O'Rourke's main parachute failed to deploy properly. His reserve chute also became entangled, leaving him in freefall. From the airplane, Fleming could see the emergency unfolding but could do nothing except continue with his own jump.

On the ground, however, few people understood what they were seeing.

Many spectators assumed the first falling figure was a practice dummy. In fact, organizers reportedly announced that it was a dummy in an effort to keep the crowd calm. Parents continued holding children's hands. Kids kept pointing toward the sky.

Only a handful of people realized they were witnessing a fatal accident.

O'Rourke missed the shopping center parking lot entirely, crashing into the backyard of a nearby home on Latham Street. He was pronounced dead shortly afterward from massive injuries. Remarkably, no one else was injured.

Meanwhile, Fleming completed his landing as Santa. Following the event's emergency plan, he quietly entered Santa's House, removed his costume, and another Santa took his place while Fleming rushed to the hospital. It remains one of the strangest and saddest details in Rockford history—a Christmas celebration continuing while its star performer hurried away after watching a fellow skydiver die.

Federal Aviation Agency investigators examined O'Rourke's equipment but never identified a definitive mechanical cause. Considering O'Rourke's extensive experience and qualifications, the accident was considered exceptionally rare.

How the Legend Changed

Over the decades, memory did what memory often does.

The story gradually became:

"Santa parachuted to his death."

Technically, that isn't accurate.

The man portraying Santa, Bill Fleming, landed safely. It was Santa's helper, Cornelius O'Rourke, who lost his life.

But history doesn't always survive in perfect detail. After sixty years of retelling, the two parachutists merged into a single unforgettable image: Santa falling from the winter sky over Rockford.

For many longtime residents, it remains one of those "Where were you?" moments. People who were children that day still recall the confusion. Others remember hearing the story from parents or grandparents. New generations often assume it's just another urban legend—until they discover it really happened.

A Different Kind of Christmas Memory

North Towne Mall itself has changed dramatically over the decades. Stores have come and gone. The crowds of the 1960s are long gone. But this story has remained part of Rockford's shared memory.

It isn't remembered because it's sensational.

It's remembered because it reminds us that behind every local legend is a real person.

Cornelius O'Rourke wasn't simply "the man who fell." He was a husband, a father of two young daughters, and an experienced skydiver who volunteered to help create a memorable Christmas afternoon for hundreds of local families.

Instead, he became part of Rockford history.

Sometimes the stories that endure aren't the ones we would have chosen to tell.

 

Camp Grant: Rockford's Military City

For much of the twentieth century, Rockford was known not only as a manufacturing center but also as the home of Camp Grant, one of the largest military training installations in the Midwest.

Established in 1917 during World War I, Camp Grant trained hundreds of thousands of American soldiers before they departed for Europe. The camp expanded dramatically during World War II, once again becoming a major center for military instruction and logistics. At its peak, it functioned almost like a small city, complete with hospitals, barracks, roads, and support facilities.

Like many military installations of its era, Camp Grant experienced both triumph and tragedy. During the influenza pandemic of 1918, the camp suffered one of the nation's most devastating outbreaks, reminding us that history is shaped not only by battles abroad but also by events closer to home.

Following the war years, most of Camp Grant disappeared as the property found new uses. Today the former grounds are home to businesses, institutions, and neighborhoods, with only a handful of monuments and historical markers hinting at the enormous military community that once stood there.

Rockford's history extends well beyond factories and furniture. The story of Camp Grant reminds us that our city played an important role in national history, sending generations of soldiers into service while leaving a lasting mark on the region itself.

Exploring these local stories helps preserve the character of Rockford and provides a deeper appreciation for the people and places that shaped the community we know today.

 

Prairie Zen: Finding Rockford's Quiet Places

Rockford is often defined by its industry, its architecture, its history, and its resilience.

But there is another Rockford.

It exists in the tall prairie grasses bending beneath an autumn wind. It follows Hall Creek through the woods at Wild Roots Nature Center. It waits in the first trillium of spring, the call of a red-winged blackbird, and the long shadows stretching across the Rock River at sunset.

Over the past year I've begun describing this perspective as Prairie Zen.

It isn't a movement or an organization. It's simply a way of paying attention.

Where traditional Zen literature often draws inspiration from bamboo forests, mountain temples, and Japanese gardens, Prairie Zen finds its moments much closer to home. Northern Illinois has its own quiet language. It speaks through bur oaks, restored prairie, migrating sandhill cranes, gravel roads, milkweed, and changing skies.

Much of my recent haiku collection, Vanished Roads, grew directly from those landscapes.

Many of the poems were written while walking the trails at what is now Wild Roots Nature Center, listening to birds along Hall Creek, or simply standing still long enough to notice what the Midwest quietly offers every day.

One of the things that has made this project especially meaningful is seeing local organizations embrace that same connection.

Rockford Art Deli now carries Vanished Roads, and every copy purchased through the store helps support Wild Roots Nature Center. It's a wonderful example of how independent businesses, local artists, and conservation organizations can strengthen one another while celebrating what makes Rockford unique.

Cities are often judged by their skylines.

I think they're better judged by the places where people learn to slow down.

For me, Rockford's greatest treasures aren't only its buildings or businesses—they're the trails, forests, rivers, and prairie remnants that quietly remind us to pay attention.

That's Prairie Zen.

And perhaps it's something Rockford has been practicing all along.

A Rave Review of Thomas L. Vaultonburg's New Book Vanished Roads By Melanie Medved

                        Review of Vanished Roads By Melanie Medved

Buy Vanished Roads By Thomas L. Vaultonburg

I thought Thomas Vaultonburg's new collection of poems was going to stay with me for an afternoon, which is how long it took me to devour his latest publication, “Vanished Roads.” Instead, it's been lingering for two weeks now, in the way the first Autumn night air settles into your bones. It’s just sitting there, thick with emotional residue and meaning, while I struggle to succinctly put into words just how stellar the collection is.

Vaultonburg has been a favorite of mine for years. Following his literary career through everything from darker poetry to children's books and fiction, I've witnessed him move effortlessly between genres and forms. He has a strong ability to shapeshift as a writer, yet maintain his track record of consistent excellence in all genres. I was looking forward to his collection of haiku/short-form poetry, waiting to see if he could once again knock it out of the park. He has.

From the opening poem, which arrives not like a leaf drifting onto the page, but like a train waking you up in the night, Vaultonburg announces his poetic intention immediately— You’re going to feel something as you read these poems. The first three lines introduce a pattern he will use often throughout the book— most often staying true to the concept of traditional haiku using a central subject in nature (in this case, wind and bamboo) and adding a few perfectly chosen words to assign it an emotional impact (this time, human emotional frailty and ennui) that often jumps out at the reader with layers of meaning. He writes:

wind through bamboo

I too

Am hollow.

Then, after announcing himself and his arrival, without hesitation, he rolls up his sleeves and trudges off in old boots into the colorful territory: dawn, peonies, the evening rain, deer, wolf tracks and more. Quietly threading the beautiful natural landscapes we all encounter each day, with the fragile emotional territory of grief, regret, loneliness, and hope— one after the other, painting them together in a style that is somehow both bold and vivid and soft and gentle at the same time— Vaultonburg is like the Van Gogh of poetry.

Though his subjects are universally relatable, they are still deeply personal, as evident early on pages 8 and 9, when he writes about the passing of two family members in a way that made me ache with empathy and understanding. Those feelings accumulate with each page, and nearly every haiku hits hard. By the final page you’re sitting there with the wind knocked out of you, not by a hurricane, but by a light spring rain. The weight of his tiny gray book is difficult to shake, in the best possible ways.

A bonus is that it felt like a two-in-one book: poetry combined with Buddhist wisdom. Many writers try hard to “teach” lessons, and while Vaultonburg wasn’t even trying, he landed quite a few with ease:

bee in the window

I open it

for both of us

(page 30)

He has a subtle yet strong way of showing how our lives intersect with the natural world, and the impact each can have on the other. He saves a bee, and in doing so, he’s sparing a small piece of himself. Those everyday sadnesses of trapped bees lie in juxtaposition with hope and happiness on the pages. “Wheat fields ablaze with joy” and prairie winds that steal hats are felt just as strongly through his curated words. He writes of dharma and dragonflies opposite a page which encourages the reader to:

Ask the snow

to forgive you—

then leave no trail

Last but not least, another highlight are the illustrations by his writing partner Tré, whose tiny pen-and-ink style drawings show up at just the right time and place to add another beautiful layer to the already outstanding book. The two have proven they are a powerhouse before in their combined haiku/illustration book, “Moonscape,” and it is just as magical to see little glimpses of her art show up here in his solo volume.

In summary, this is truly some of the most recent memorable poetry I’ve experienced in years. After closing this book, I felt like I’d discovered something for the first time. My mind went back to third grade when I first read Carl Sandburg’s poem “Fog.” 40 years and thousands of poems later, it’s hard to recapture the joy that I felt in that classroom of my first favorite poem, and yet, Thomas Vaultonburgh has handed me that joy again with “Vanished Roads.” His strict inventory of words, ability to capture single snapshots in time, and his ability to produce a book this wise without a single trace of pretention should be embraced and applauded by old and new fans of poetry alike.

The Rock River Times They Are A-Changin'

 A few weeks ago I stopped by the offices of the Rock River Times. Illinois requires that anyone registering a Doing Business As (DBA) publish a legal notice in a local newspaper, so I was there on business. Zombie Logic Press had recently become an official Illinois business, and I needed to place the required advertisement. Since I happened to have a copy of Vanished Roads and a press kit with me, I asked if they might be interested in doing a story about the book or the press.

The editor's response was brief and matter-of-fact.

"We don't do much of that anymore."

I don't remember his exact tone, but I remember thinking later that he wasn't brushing me off. He was simply stating a reality. Curious, I picked up a recent issue of the paper, and it confirmed what he had said. The community features, arts coverage, and local profiles that once filled papers like this had become noticeably thinner. It wasn't difficult to see that something had changed.

That moment stayed with me because I couldn't help thinking about Frank Schier.

Frank founded the North End Times, which eventually became the Rock River Times, and I was fortunate enough to know him personally. Frank believed local newspapers existed to chronicle the life of a community. They covered neighborhood businesses, local artists, musicians, civic organizations, and the people trying to build something worthwhile in Rockford. Those stories mattered precisely because nobody else was going to tell them.

Unfortunately, this isn't simply a Rockford story. It's happening across America. Over the last two decades, local newspapers have lost an enormous percentage of their reporting staff. Thousands of newspapers have either closed entirely or operate today with only a fraction of the journalists they once employed. Communities large and small have become what researchers now call "news deserts," places where there simply aren't enough reporters left to cover the life of the town.

Rockford has not been immune to that trend.

The more I thought about my visit, the more I realized the editor's comment wasn't really about my book at all. If there are fewer reporters, there are naturally fewer stories. It's not that local authors suddenly became less interesting. It's that there are fewer people left whose job it is to discover them. The same could be said for local painters, musicians, nonprofit organizations, neighborhood businesses, and countless other people whose work once found its way into the pages of the community newspaper.

That loss extends beyond journalism. It affects memory.

I've spent much of this year digitizing nearly four decades of my own literary archives. As I've worked through boxes of journals, magazines, newspaper clippings, and correspondence, I've discovered just how easily history disappears. Many of the literary journals that published my work in the 1990s have little or no digital presence today. Some survive only in library collections. Others exist only because someone cared enough to keep a copy on a bookshelf. Without those physical artifacts, entire chapters of literary history would simply vanish.

Perhaps that's one reason I've become so committed to building digital archives. Every journal I catalog, every bibliography entry I create, every Internet Archive upload, every Library of Congress record, and every Wikidata page contributes, in its own small way, to preserving a record that might otherwise be lost. If traditional institutions no longer have the resources to document every local story, perhaps those of us creating the work also have a responsibility to preserve it.

I don't blame the Rock River Times for where it finds itself today. The paper is navigating the same economic realities that have reshaped local journalism across the country. Still, I couldn't help thinking about Frank Schier as I walked back to my car. I suspect he would have been saddened by what has happened to local reporting, but I also think he would have understood why preserving our community's stories has become more important than ever.

History doesn't disappear all at once. It fades one untold story at a time. If we care about the history of Rockford—its artists, writers, musicians, businesses, and neighborhoods—we may all have to become a little more intentional about preserving it ourselves.

Putting Young Black Voices Through The Rockford Carwash

When Expression Has Boundaries

Rockford is full of organizations that proudly advertise themselves as champions of marginalized voices. They host poetry workshops, youth arts programs, spoken-word events, mural projects, and leadership initiatives aimed particularly at young people from underserved neighborhoods. The brochures are beautiful. The mission statements are inspiring. They promise to give children a voice.

But there is a question few people seem willing to ask:

A voice to say what?

Because there is a profound difference between encouraging expression and managing it.

Many of these programs celebrate authenticity only so long as that authenticity remains comfortable. Young Black artists are encouraged to write about hope, resilience, community, and overcoming adversity. They are applauded for speaking about diversity and inclusion. But what happens when their art becomes genuinely accusatory? What happens when it names institutions, influential people, or civic leaders? What happens when it expresses anger instead of optimism?

Too often, those voices become inconvenient.

The message is rarely explicit. No one says, "Don't write that."

Instead the lesson is more subtle. Certain poems receive standing ovations. Others receive silence. Certain stories are invited onto stages. Others quietly disappear. Students quickly learn which kinds of expression earn praise, grants, invitations, and publication.

Over time, they aren't simply learning to write.

They're learning which truths are acceptable.

The result is that many arts programs risk producing artists who sound radical while saying remarkably safe things—artists whose work reassures donors, foundations, and civic leaders that progress is being made rather than challenging the structures that continue to produce inequality.

All too often Black children are being used as props and opportunities for photo ops rather than being given legitimate and uncynical platforms where they can freely express themselves. 

Communities need art that unsettles. They need artists willing to ask uncomfortable questions and tell uncomfortable truths, not simply artists who have mastered the approved vocabulary of social justice.

Giving someone a microphone is not the same thing as giving them freedom.

Sometimes the microphone comes with invisible instructions.